References

Aggarwal, K. M., N. Nath, and C. S. G. K. Setty (1979), Collision frequency and transport properties of electrons in the ionosphere, Planet. Space Sci., 27, (6), 753.

Anyutin, A. P., V. G. Galushko, and Yu. M. Yampol'sky (1985), Possibility of determination of the absorption in the deviation region on the basis of the field measurements in the vicinity of the dead zone, Radiophysics (in Russian), 28, (2), 247.

Aparina, R. V., V. M. Koval'chuk, and G. V. Kotovich (1972), Algorithms of calculations of HF signal characteristics at short radiopaths, Studies in Geomagnetism, Aeronomy, and Solar Physics (in Russian), 25, 113.

Banks, P. (1966), Collision frequencies and energy transfer (electrons), Planet. Space Sci., 14, (10), 1085.

Barabashov, B. G., and M. M. Anishin (2002), Forecasting of the characteristics of decameter communication channels, Proc. Inst. Eng. Radiocommun. (in Russian), 9, 99.

Barabashov, B. G., and G. G. Vertogradov (1996), Dynamical adaptive structural: Physical model of a decameter communication channel, Math. Model. (in Russian), 2, 3.

Barabashov, B. G., and G. G. Vertogradov (2000), Structural physical model of ionospheric channel, paper presented at Millennium Conference on Antennas and Propagation, 9-14 April 2000, Eur. Space Agency, Davos, Switzerland.

Barabashov, B. G., G. G. Vertogradov, G. I. Kuleshov, and V. A. Rybakov (1983), Calculation of the field strength and characteristics of propagation of decameter waves at paths of small length, Proc. Inst. Eng. Radiocommun. (in Russian), 4, 18.

Barabashov, B. G., G. G. Vertogradov, and G. I. Kuleshov (1997), Experimental verification of methods of field strength calculation for decameter waves on short paths, Proc. Inst. Eng. Radiocommun. (in Russian), 4, 98.

Barabashov, B. G., G. G. Vertogradov, M. Burdukov, and O. Pelevin (2001), Evaluation of short and medium-length ionospheric radiopaths, IEE Conf. Publ., 480, (1), 160.

Baulch, R. N. E., and E. C. Butcher (1988), Effective electron collision frequency measurements in the E and F regions, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 50, (1), 45.

Beley, V. S. (1990), Collisionless losses at the ionospheric propagation of decameter radio waves, Geomagn. Aeron. (in Russian), 30, (6), 979.

Benediktov, E. A., and A. V. Tolmacheva (1975), Determination of the electron temperature in the vicinity of the F -layer maximum using the radio wave measurements by the A2 method, Radiophysics (in Russian), 18, (2), 200.

Berezhko, E. A., M. G. Gel'berg, and G. F. Krymsky (1987), Additional absorption of space radio noises at microturbulence of the ionospheric plasma, Geomagn. Aeron., 27, (3), 404.

Berezin, Yu. V. (1964), The law of distribution of the apparent coefficient of radio wave reflection from the ionosphere, Geomagn. Aeron. (in Russian), 4, (1), 5.

Berezin, Yu. V., and V. D. Gusev (1961), Measurements of the radio wave absorption in the presence of large-scale irregularities in the ionosphere, Proc. Moscow State Univ., Ser. 3 Phys. Astron. (in Russian), 5, 39.

Beynon, W. J. G., and E. S. O. Jones (1965), Some medium latitude radio wave absorption studies, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 27, (6), 761.

Beynon, W. J. G., and S. Rangaswamy (1968), Electron collision frequency in the F region of the ionosphere, Nature, 218, 1237.

Bilitza, D. (2001), International reference ionosphere 2000, Radio Sci., 36, (2), 261.

Bilitza, D. (2002), Ionospheric models for radio propagation studies, in: The Review of Radio Science 1999-2002, edited by W. R. Stone, p. 625, IEEE Press, New York.

Biryukov, A. V. (1980), Photochemistry of the lower F region and the structural parameters of the ionosphere according to the data of the coordinated ground-based-rocket experiments, Space Stud. (in Russian), 18, (5), 748.

Bronin, A. G., and N. A. Zabotin (1992), Equation of the radiation transfer in randomly irregular magneto-active plasma, J. Exp. Theor. Phys. (in Russian), 102, 1167.

Bronin, A. G., P. F. Denisenko, N. A. Zabotin, and Yu. M. Yampol'sky (1991), Attenuation of the decameter waves in the ionospheric plasma with a power irregularity spectrum, Geomagn. Aeron. (in Russian), 31, (5), 946.

Bronin, A. G., P. F. Denisenko, and N. A. Zabotin (1993), Attenuation of the coherent component of the decameter wave field at vertical sounding of the ionosphere due to the scattering at random irregularities, Geomagn. Aeron. (in Russian), 33, (2), 169.

Bronin, A. G., and P. F. Denisenko, et al. (1999), Diagnostics of natural ionospheric irregularities on the basis of the measurements of anomalous attenuation of radio waves at vertical sounding, Geomagn. Aeron. (in Russian), 39, (2), 90.

Budden, K. G. (1965), Effect of electron collisions on the formulas of magneto-ionic theory, Radio Sci., 69, (2), 191.

Danilkin, N. P., and Yu. N. Faer (1972), Determination of the equipment constant at multi-frequency measurements of the absorption by the A1 method, Geomagn. Aeron. (in Russian), 12, (6), 1120.

Danilkin, N. P., A. O. Mal'tseva, and Yu. N. Faer (1974), Polarization ionograms and calculation of N(h) profiles in the ionosphere, Geomagn. Aeron. (in Russian), 14, (4), 636.

Danilkin, N. P., P. F. Denisenko, and Yu. N. Faer (1975), Multifrequency polarization measurements of the absorption and possibilities of determination of the n(h) vertical profile in the ionosphere, Geomagn. Aeron. (in Russian), 15, (3), 451.

Danilkin, N. P., P. F. Denisenko, S. M. Sushchii, and Yu. N. Faer (1976), Variations of the vertical profiles of the effective electron collision frequency in the ionosphere from the data of the multi-frequency measurements of the radio wave absorption by the A1 method, Geomagn. Aeron. (in Russian), 16, (5), 803.

Danilkin, N. P., and P. F. Denisenko, et al. (1977), Modified method of determination of N(h) profiles in the lower ionosphere, Phys. Solariterr., 4, 101.

Danilkin, N. P., and P. F. Denisenko, et al. (1978), Effective electron collision frequency in the ionospheric E  region, Geomagn. Aeron. (in Russian), 18, (1), 154.

Danilkin, N. P., P. F. Denisenko, and V. V. Sotsky (1981), Studies of the accuracy of the real-time checking of the D-region ionization using the radiosounding data, Ionospheric Stud. (in Russian), 34, 102.

Danilkin, N. P., and P. F. Denisenko, et al. (1989), The results of joint measurements of the concentration and effective collision frequency of electrons in the ionosphere by rocket and ground-based radio methods during launches of "Vertikal" geophysical rockets, in: Vertical Sounding of the Upper Atmosphere and Ionosphere, edited by K. I. Gringauz, p. 42, Rostov Univ. Publ. House, Rostov on Don, Russia.

Denisenko, P. F., V. I. Vodolazkin, Yu. N. Faer, and L. N. Boltykhova (1987a), Anomalous absorption of radio waves and the effective electron collision frequency in the ionospheric F  region, Geomagn. Aeron. (in Russian), 27, (3), 504.

Denisenko, P. F., N. A. Zabotin, S. A. Pulinets, and V. V. Selegey (1987b), Transformation of the ordinary wave into extraordinary according to the topside sounding data, Geomagn. Aeron. (in Russian), 27, (4), 544.

Denisenko, P. F., N. A. Zabotin, D. S. Bratsun, and S. A. Pulinets (1993), Detection and mapping of small-scale irregularities from topside sounding data, Ann. Geophys., 11, 595.

Denisenko, P. F., A. O. Mal'tseva, and V. I. Vodolazkin (2000), Possibility of direct observation of the transformation of ordinary waves into slow extraordinary waves at low-orbiting satellites, Geomagn. Aeron. (in Russian), 40, (6), 46.

Ganguly, S. (1974), Estimation electron collision frequency in the lower thermosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 79, (22), 3235.

Ganguly, S., and A. Jain (1975), Electron collision frequency in the E and F  regions, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 37, 177.

Gel'berg, M. G. (1986),, Irregularities in the High-Latitude Ionosphere (in Russian), 193 pp., Nauka, Novosibirsk, Russia.

Gel'berg, M. G., and A. Jain, et al. (1985), Spectral dependence of the riometer absorption of space radio noises in the high-latitude ionosphere, Geomagn. Aeron. (in Russian), 25, (5), 784.

Givishvili, G. V., and Yu. N. Shaulin (1975), Method of measurements of the absorption in the ionosphere, Geomagn. Aeron., 15, (3), 556.

Gurevich, A. V., and A. B. Shvartsburg (1973),, Nonlinear Theory of Radio Wave Propagation in the Ionosphere (in Russian), 272 pp., Nauka, Moscow.

International Radio Consultative Committee (CCIR), (1982),, Supplement to report 252-2, 38 pp., CCIR, Geneva.

Itikawa, Yu. (1971), Effective collision frequency of electrons in atmospheric gases, Planet. Space Sci., 19, 993.

Korovin, A. V. (1984), Influence of natural small-scale irregularities in the topside ionosphere on the development of artificial instabilities, Radiophysics (in Russian), 27, (10), 1339.

Kumari, S., and K. K. Mahajan (1971), Electron temperature dependence of F -regions absorption, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 31, (8), 1277.

Mantas, P. G. (1974), Electron collision frequency and energy transfer rates, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 36, (10), 1587.

Saha, A. K. (1971), Derivative absorption in the F2  layer, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 33, (10), 1277.

Setty, C. S. G. K. (1972), Electron collision frequency in ionospheric layers, Indian J. Radio Space Phys., 1, 38.

Setty, C. S. G. K., A. R. Jain, and M. K. Vyawahare (1970), Collision frequency of electrons in the F  region, Can. J. Phys., 48, 653.

Skrebkova, L. A. (1975), Influence of different ionospheric layers on the integral absorption of radio waves, Geomagn. Aeron. (in Russian), 15, (4), 664.

Svechnikov, A. M., Yu. N. Faer, and S. S. Chavdarov (1972), Some results of measurements of radio wave absorption in the ionosphere, Ionospheric Stud. (in Russian), 20, 51.

Thrane, E. V., and W. R. Piggott (1966), The collision frequency in the D and E  region of the ionosphere, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 28, (8), 721.

Titheridge, J. E. (1967), Calculation of virtual height and absorption of radio waves in the ionosphere, Radio Sci., 2, (2), 133.

Vertogradov, G. G. (2003), Imitator of a broad-band ionospheric radio channel, Radiotech. Electron. (in Russian), 48, (11), 1322.

Vertogradov, G. G., and D. A. Mineev (2003), Imitator of a narrow-band ionospheric radio channel, Proc. Inst. North Caucasus Reg. Nat. Sci. (in Russian), 3, 45.

Vertogradov, G. G., Yu. P. Myatezhnikov, V. P. Uryadov, and S. V. Rozanov (2004), Coordinated experimental evaluation of the characteristics of HF signal propagation at midlatitude paths of different length and orientation, Radiophysics (in Russian), 47, (1), 15.

Vodolazkin, V. I., N. P. Danilkin, P. F. Denisenko, and Yu. N. Faer (1979), Estimates of the effective electron collision frequency in the F  region on the basis of the measurements of radio wave absorption by the A1 method, Geomagn. Aeron. (in Russian), 19, (1), 159.

Vodolazkin, V. I., N. P. Danilkin, P. F. Denisenko, and Yu. N. Faer (1983), Empirical vertical profiles of the effective electron collision frequency in the midlatitude ionosphere,, Geomagn. Aeron. (in Russian), 23, (1), 25.

Vodolazkin, V. I., P. F. Denisenko, and N. A. Zabotin (1989a), Peculiarities of the diagnostics of the effective electron collision frequency in the ionosphere on the basis of estimates of the derivative absorption of radio waves, Geomagn. Aeron. (in Russian), 29, (6), 954.

Vodolazkin, V. I., P. F. Denisenko, and Yu. N. Faer (1989b), Determination of parameters of electron concentration irregularities in the F  region from the data on anomalous absorption of ordinary waves, Geomagn. Aeron. (in Russian), 29, (2), 329.

Vodolazkin, V. I., P. F. Denisenko, V. P. Rzhanitsyn, V. V. Sotsky, and Yu. N. Faer (1993), Absorption of radio waves and effective electron collision frequency in the ionosphere, Geomagn. Aeron., 33, (3), 74.

Zabotin, N. A., D. S. Bratsun, S. A. Pulinets, and R. F. Benson (1997), Response of radio sounding signals to small-scale field-aligned ionospheric irregularities, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 59, (17), 2231.

Zabotin, N. A., A. G. Bronin, and G. A. Ghbankov (1998), Radiative transfer in a layer of magnetized plasma with random irregularities, Waves Random Media, 8, 421.

Zhulina, E. M. (1982), On the reliability of the model of concentration and collision frequency of electrons, in: Ionospheric Forecasting, edited by R. I. Zevakina, p. 172, Nauka, Moscow.