[2] Extreme weather conditions observed at present that occur on the background of global warming, which is typically interpreted as a result of anthropogenic effects, can be a manifestation of a global rearrangement in the atmospheric circulation. Attention should also be paid to development of extreme solar events in recent years [see, e.g., a special issue of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy, 2006, vol. 45, no. 1], which can be attributed to the fact that now we are in the vicinity of the maximum of the quasi-two-hundred-year solar cycle [Raspopov and Dergachev, 2005]. Thus, anthropogenic and long-term natural factors simultaneously affect large-scale atmospheric processes. A natural question then arises as to whether the development of extreme meteorological conditions converts into variations in climatic parameters on the global scale under these conditions. In this respect it is reasonable to inquire into the effects of solar activity and its variability on large-scale climate changes in the past. Analysis of climatic data and effects of both the 200- and 2300-2400-year solar cycles has shown that they indeed can result in abrupt climate change. Note that there is a tendency to cooling or abrupt climate change at deep solar minima [Dergachev et al., 2005; Eddy, 1976; Mayewsky et al., 2004; Raspopov et al., 2005; Soon and Yaskell, 2003]. A striking example is the Little Ice Age in 1600-1880-ies that started from development of the Maunder solar minimum (1638-1715) [Eddy, 1976; Shindell et al., 2001; Soon and Yaskell, 2003]. However, it is necessary to analyze not only the results of a direct effect of solar activity and its variability on atmospheric processes, but also the probability of stimulation of internal processes in the atmosphere-ocean system by the events that occur at the Earth's surface. This paper is devoted to the consideration of this problem.
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